AIM:

To train reaching and manipulation using constraint-induced movement to encourage use of the affected upper limb.

Rationale:

Excessive use of the intact arm is a common adaptive strategy patients use when reaching for and manipulating objects. Whole-task training is set up so the patient can practice reaching and manipulation without excessively using the intact arm with feedback and/or manual guidance from the therapist if necessary. Training is structured so that flexibility of performance is encouraged, ie, the cognitive and/or physical demands of the activity are increased.

Equipment:

  • Table
  • Chair
  • Mitten
  • Objects, eg. cup, pen, comb, plates, tray

Key Points:

  • Patient is positioned in sitting in front of a table
  • Therapist puts a mitten on the patient’s intact arm
  • Patient reaches for and manipulates a variety of objects with the affected hand
  • Ensure explanation for using the mitten is given and patient consent granted

Common Errors:

  • Patient attempts to use intact arm

Progression and Variety:

  • Decrease/remove manual guidance
  • Increase speed of movement
  • Increase amplitude of movement
  • Vary manipulation component of the tasks
  • Increase cognitive demand
  • Remove mitten and include bimanual tasks